What is the purpose of a soil test?

The purpose of a soil test is primarily to determine nutrient levels and soil properties. This process involves collecting soil samples and analyzing them in a laboratory to assess key factors such as pH, macronutrients (like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), micronutrients, organic matter content, and cation exchange capacity. Understanding these aspects of the soil helps farmers and agronomists make informed decisions about fertilizer application, soil amendments, and overall soil health management.

Soil tests are foundational for effective crop production because they provide specific information that can lead to more accurate recommendations for nutrient management. By knowing the nutrient status of the soil, growers can optimize inputs, enhance crop performance, and minimize environmental impacts.

Other options like measuring soil temperature or assessing pest populations do not directly relate to the primary aim of a soil test. Soil temperature can influence seed germination and root growth but is not a focus of soil testing. Crop yield potential is impacted by numerous factors beyond just soil characteristics, and while analyzing pest populations is important for pest management, it falls outside the scope of standard soil testing procedures.