What is the effect of compacted soil on water drainage?

Compacted soil significantly hinders drainage primarily due to the reduction in pore space between soil particles. When soil becomes compacted, the tiny gaps that normally allow water to flow through the soil matrix are diminished, leading to decreased permeability. This means that water cannot easily infiltrate or drain through the soil, often causing excess surface water, increased runoff, and potential waterlogging in the root zone of plants.

Furthermore, compacted soil also negatively affects root development and overall soil health, as roots struggle to penetrate through dense layers. This condition can result in poor crop growth and reduced yield. By understanding the impact of soil compaction on water drainage, agricultural practices can be adjusted, such as incorporating tillage or cover cropping strategies, to improve soil structure and enhance water movement.