What can be a consequence of soil compaction on plant growth?

Soil compaction can significantly hinder plant growth primarily by restricting root development and reducing the soil's porosity. When soil becomes compacted, the individual soil particles are pressed closely together, creating a denser substrate. This density poses challenges for roots seeking to infiltrate the soil since there is less space for them to grow and expand. Additionally, the reduction in porosity means less air is available in the soil for the roots, which they need for respiration and overall health.

The ability for water to infiltrate and be retained in the soil can also be severely affected by compaction. Root systems may not be able to effectively access moisture, especially during dry periods, further impacting plant survival and growth. Therefore, this consequence of soil compaction not only limits root growth directly but also indirectly affects nutrient uptake, water access, and overall plant vigor, highlighting the critical need for proper soil management practices to mitigate compaction.